Which driver of globalization is characterized by the effort to achieve economies of scale?

The driver of globalization characterized by the effort to achieve economies of scale is indeed the cost driver. Economies of scale refer to the cost advantages that businesses obtain due to the scale of operation, with cost per unit of output generally decreasing with increasing scale as fixed costs are spread out over more goods.

In the context of globalization, companies seek to expand their operations globally to increase production capacity and reduce costs. This often involves larger production runs and distribution networks across multiple countries, which can significantly enhance efficiency and lower average cost per product. By penetrating larger markets and increasing production, businesses can benefit from lower costs of raw materials, enhanced negotiation power with suppliers, and more streamlined logistical operations.

The other drivers of globalization serve different purposes. Market drivers focus on the potential demand in international markets; competitive drivers are influenced by the need to respond to the actions of competitors; and technological drivers pertain to advancements in technology that enable companies to operate globally. These factors may contribute to globalization but do not specifically relate to pursuing economies of scale like the cost driver does.