What does "power distance" refer to in Hofstede's theory?

Power distance, as defined in Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory, refers to the degree to which less powerful members of a society defer to and accept the unequal distribution of power within that society. This concept highlights how different cultures handle inequalities among individuals or groups, particularly regarding authority and hierarchy.

In societies with a high power distance, a significant gap exists between those in power and those who are not, typically characterized by a greater acceptance of this disparity. This can manifest in various ways, such as in workplace dynamics, government structures, and social interactions, where subordinates are less likely to question or challenge authority.

The other options reflect different aspects of societal organization but do not encapsulate the specific meaning of power distance. For instance, economic disparity may relate to wealth inequality but does not specifically address the relational aspects of power dynamics. Similarly, the even distribution of power would refer to a low power distance culture, rather than the concept itself. Finally, the efficiency of power governance touches on how power is administratively managed rather than the cultural acceptance of power imbalances that defines power distance.