How does concentrating solar thermal power (CSP) generate energy?

Concentrating solar thermal power (CSP) generates energy by utilizing mirrors or lenses to focus sunlight onto a small area, which typically heats a fluid, usually water. This concentrated heat generates steam, which then drives a turbine connected to an electricity generator.

The focal point of CSP technology lies in its ability to harness solar energy in a way that allows for the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy and subsequently into electrical energy. This process can store thermal energy for use even when the sunlight is not available, offering a more reliable power source compared to other solar technologies that rely solely on photovoltaic mechanisms.

This method stands in contrast to the other choices provided. Wind turbines generate electricity through kinetic energy from wind, while geothermal power relies on steam from the Earth’s heat. Biomass energy is produced through chemical reactions involving organic materials, none of which apply directly to the functioning principle of CSP technology.